Method of making pipes of artificial stone.



3'. HALL. METHOD OF MAKING PIPES OF ARTIFICIAL STQNE.

APPL OATIOH FILED OUT. 5, 1903.

PATBNTED JAN. 9, 1906.

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PATENTED JAN. 9; 1906.

J. HALL. METHOD OF MAKING PIPES or ARTIFICIAL STONE,

APPLICATION FILED OUT, 5. 1903.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. PATENTED JAN. 9, 1906.

J. HALL.

METHOD. OF MAKING PIPES OF ARTIFICIAL STONE.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 5. 1903.

4 SHEETSSHEBT 3.

. J. HALL.

METHOD VOFMA KING PIPES 0P ARTIFICIAL STONE.

APPLICATION FIL ED, OUT, 5. 1903.

PATENTED JAN. 9, 1906.

4 sums-$32M 4.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH HALL, OF CHELTENHAM. ENGLAND.

METHOD'OF MAKING PIPES OF ARTIFICIAL STONE.

To all whom it Wuty concern:

I der to Be it known that I, J ()SEPH HALL, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Cheltenham, in the county of Gloucester, England, have invented a Method of Making Pipes of Artificial Stone, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to the manufacture from concrete or like material of armored and unarmored artificial-stone pipes suitable for use as drain-pipes, for lining wells, and for various other purposes; and it has for object to enable such pipes to be produced in a simple, rapid, and economical manner.

The invention consists for this purpose in a novel method of forming pipes of the kind referred to by the aid of centrifugal force, as hereinafter more fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In carrying out the invention material such as stone, brick, burnt earth, burnt clayavaste potterv, furnace-clinker, cinder, or slag, or other like material or mixturesthereof is or are reduced to the condition of coarse sand and mixed in convenient proportions with lime or cement and water so as to form a con-' crete mixture having, say, the consistency of slurry. The mixture (hereinafter called the concrete mixture) is fed into a mold that is capable of being set in rapid rotation and whereby it is caused under the action of centrifugal'force to move outward and line the mold and form a pipe the external shape of which will correspond with the internal shape of the mold, the mold bein adapted to allow of the rapid escape theret ough under the action of centrifugal force of water from the concrete mixture, so as to permit of the rapid formation of a pipe of a sufiiciently dr and stiff nature to allow of its being uick y re moved from the mold. To allow or the molded pipe being subjected to compression in orthe mold, there is provided in connection with the mold an endw'rsemiovable core that can be inserted within and withdrawn from the mold, which-1s made in sections that are normally pressed together by external springs,

' but are capable of moving outward to a limited extent, the arrangement being such that Iwhen the mold charged with concrete mixture is rapidly rotated and the core is introduced axially into it the concrete mixture will be thrown outwardly against the sections of the mold, hichwill alsobe moved outward and compress the springs, and after the con Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 5, 1903. Serial No. 175,847.

further solidify it before removal from- Patented Jan. 9, 1906,.

crete material has been molded to shape and the bulk of the water removed therefrom by cenrifugal force the speed of rotation is gradually reduced and the springs allowed to react and press the sections of the mold inward, so as tocause the molded pipe to be compressed between the mold and the core. When it is desired to produce armored pipes of the kind referred to, metal, such as iron or steel in any convenient form-say, for example, in the form of wire wound spirally or made up into the form of a frame or cage or otherwise arrangedis placed in the mold, so as to become embedded in the concrete mixture placed therein, the amount of metal used depending upon the extra degree of strength it is desired to impart to the finished concrete pipe.

In the accompanying illustrative drawings, Figure 1 shows in-central vertical section a rotary table, carrier, and driving means for supporting and rotating a mold for producing concrete pipes according to this invention. Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sections corretively, of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical section corresponding to the line C C of Fig.5, and Fig. 5, a horizontal section corresponding to the line D D of Fig. 4, showing an cxpansible mold. Fig. 6 shows the complete ap aratus the precedingfigures. Fig. 7 shows in side elevation a cage of spirally-wound wire suit able for strengthening or armoring a concrete pipe. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view showing a modification.

carrier composed of T-iron members 0, that are firmly connected together by upper and diate spir allysarranged channeled-iron stripe.

f is a driving-pulley that is of smaller diam eter than the table andis secured to the lower ends of the vertical members 0, which are bent and drivingin side elevation and to a smaller sca e than sponding to the lines A A and B B, respeca is a plate or table secured, as by bolts and nuts 5, to the upper end of a rotary vertical lower channeled-iron rings (1 and an interme- .IOO

inward to suit the smaller diameter of thewithin the group otvertical members 0 of the t i eoaeso cated above the mold and carrier, the core being carried by a ram 0, adapted to be moved within the pressure. in this arrangement rotary movement of the core is preyeinted by means of a i fixed shaft n of squarecross seetion that extends through an eye p into the hollow core. i As will be evident, the apparatus can he variously modified without departing from f the spirit and scope of the invention so long i l hydraulic cylinder p is stationary and is 10- cylinder p by hydraulic as the method of operation described in the specification or the relative arrangement of parts shown in the drawings is adhered to.

What i claim is- 1. A method of manufacturing a concrete pipe, said method consisting in molding a moist concrete mixture to shape by centrifugal force and simultaneously removing liquid therefrom, compressing the molded pipe, and l aiterward allowing it to set. i

2. A. method of manufacturing a concrete pipe, .aid method consisting in molding a moist concrete mixture to shape by centrifugal force and sin'iultaneousl y removing liquid i therefrom, subjecting the molded pipe to external and internal pressure, and allowing the resulting pipe to set.

The herein-described method of manufactoring a concrete pipe, said method consisting in molding a moist concrete mixture l to snape by centrifugal torce, simultaneously separating liquid therefrom, then subjecting the partly-iinished pipe to radial inward pressure, and afterward allowing the pipe to set.

4. The herein-described method of manufacturing a concrete pipe, said method consisting in subjecting a liquid mass of concrete mixture to rotary motion and limiting its-outward movement so as to cause it to assume the required tubular shape by centrifugal force, separating liquid from said mass during the rotary motion, compressing the partly-finished pipe externally While still rotating but at a slower s eed, arresting the motion of said pipe, and al owing itto set.

5. The herein-described method of 1nanulacturing a concrete pipe, said method consisting in molding a iquid mass of concrete to a tubular shape by centrifugal lorce and simultaneously removing water therefrom also by centrifugal Force, subjecting the partly finished and dried pipe to external pressure while firmly supporting the inner surface thereof, and allowing said pipe to set.

Signed at Cheltenham, in the county oi" Gloucester, England, this 15th day of September, 1903.

JOSEPH HALL.

Witnesses,

ERNEST FRANK Lnwrs, JonN ALFRED Jonas. 

